Over time, people have taken many measures to prevent emerging epidemics. If we give information about the history of quarantine applications in maritime. Due to the emergence and spread of epidemics, important treatment methods have been tried by people from past to present. Again, it is a very preferred practice to keep the victims of the disease in a separate place to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases to more people. When a human is exposed to an infectious disease, when any suspicion that he/she is infected has been identified, the applications made to keep this person in contact with anyone until a long incubation period are called “quarantine”. The origin of the word quarantine is derived in the 17th century based on the word "quarantine", which means 40 days in Venice. In this case, the waiting of the personnel on the ships and the ship due to the possibility of illness before reaching the port was applied for the first time in the city of Dubrovnik located next to the Dalmatian coast and Ragusa, which is located under the control of Venice. When the big plague epidemic broke out, people on the ships that will stop at the port of Ragusa as a result of such isolation practices were kept for 30 days before being taken to the city. This practice was previously applied for 30 days. For this reason, the name of the application was originally mentioned with the Trentina in the sense of 30 days. In the 17th century, when the waiting period started to be applied in 40 days period in this application, the name of the application was changed with the name quarantine.

How did quarantine practice emerge as it is today and when was it implemented? It is useful to make a small trip to the applications of the quarantine in the history and the memories about the subject. To better understand how quarantine appeared and developed, it is necessary to understand the period of the horrible plague epidemic called Black Death, which caused a third of the European population to die between 1348 and 1351. Plague, called black death in the language of Westerners, appeared in China at the beginning of the 14th century.

This epidemic spread over the Silk Road in a very short time from Central Asia to the north of the Black Sea. This spread also affected the Genoese colony in Crimea in 1347. From here, he could not get his speed and came to Istanbul and then to the port of Alexandria over the sea. Due to this plague epidemic, Istanbul has become almost like a mass grave. Corpses were carried on the streets of Cairo. In this period, the demand for shrouds and coffins became unacceptable. Again, in October of the same year, 12 Genoese galley diseases moved to the shores of Sicily. In January 1348, galleys coming over the port of Kefe reached the port of Venice and Genoa.

The plague spread rapidly due to sea trade. It has affected the coastal cities and large harbors on the Mediterranean coast. The cities located on the Mediterranean shores have been invaded by the disease with the mice carried by wooden ships. The disease that reached here has quickly reached Europe by land. In June 1348, the major epidemic reached Spain, France, Britain and Portugal, and then the Scandinavian coast and Germany. Italian writer Boccacio, who experienced the plague epidemic in the 14th century, depicted the days of the epidemic in his work titled Decameron. In these sentences, he explained that fathers and sons abandoned their mothers and babies, servants escaped from their wives, even notaries did not go away from writing the last desires of the dead, doctors, priests and nuns did not even go to visit patients, no one was buried according to the Christian customs, and houses turned into a grave.

Ships, which are believed to have plague patients during periods of intense violence, were never taken to the ports. Many sailors were killed due to the epidemic during the ship's arrival at any port at that time. There were also ships cruising in the open seas and losing all of their crew due to an epidemic. These ships were on the sea without anyone. These ships were also called ghost ships since there were no seafarers left. Even pirates could not approach such ships, called ghost ships. Approaching these ships was considered dangerous due to illness.

The necessary measures to get rid of this great plague have been taken primarily by the Venetians. Health guards were appointed in the first years of the outbreak. These health guards identified sick homes. By 1403, a quarantine hospital was established in Venice. Its name is lazaretto. The ships were kept in this port until the quarantine was over. After the illness, the ships were taken back to the port. The basis of the word isolation derived from the word island is derived from the word Isola. The same methods were used in the city of Genoa in 1467. The leprosy hospital in Marseille was converted into a plague hospital in 1476. In the years when the great plague spread, plain yellow or black flags were used on the ships to indicate the plague epidemic. Because in the first years of the epidemic, the house of the sick was marked with yellow paint. The use of yellow color, for this reason, has become an important symbol of plague and epidemic diseases. Since black color usually symbolizes sadness and death, the black flag was used in the epidemic. Today, the yellow-black checkered Lima flag consisting of a combination of the yellow and black flag is used for this purpose. In other words, if the ship has a quarantine condition, the Lima flag is hung. While the plain yellow flag indicates that the ship was in quarantine and had an epidemic in ancient times, today this flag is used to indicate that the ship is clean and has no problems.

Leaving the ship in the buckle during customs procedures is a process that remains from quarantine days. Let's take a look at the quarantine measures implemented in our country. Europe's acquaintance with quarantine methods took place in the 18th century. In these years, while Europe tried to control plague and other outbreaks, epidemics appeared in the Ottoman Empire every ten years. The Ottoman Empire was also fighting these epidemics. Until the middle of the 19th century, these diseases caused serious damage to people in ports such as Istanbul and Izmir. Hundreds of thousands of people have died due to this epidemic. The first quarantine practices in the Ottoman Empire were implemented in the middle of the 19th century. This date is too late compared to Europe. At that time, two measures were taken against the plague epidemic. In places where the plague epidemic occurred, inspections were increased and these areas were disinfected. People whose quarantine expired were being treated and controlled, and their goods and utensils were undergoing a strict process through high-temperature steam. The name of this process was also called tebhir. The name of the quarantine centers was also named as the tahaffuzhane.

It would be useful to give an example of quarantine practices in the Ottoman State. The plague appeared in Istanbul in April 1901. The place of the epidemic was Galata. The main reason for this epidemic caused by ships from Egypt was the mice. The problem of transferring cereals and rice from Egypt to Istanbul to the wharves has been an issue that has been dealing with the authorities for a long time in the Ottoman State for many years. Great struggles were made for the British ships to unload their cargo. While quarantine is continuing, an instruction was prepared in order not to disrupt the trade that is continuing intensely in Istanbul. If there is a plague epidemic in a port, the plague epidemic has many innovations that have not been seen in the history of the plague epidemic in the way of approaching the port without leaving the city's contact and waiting for the quarantine period to end. It is useful to examine these innovations.

• The ships arriving in Istanbul should not have berthed to the dock and the patente operations should have been done with an employee they sent to the pontoon named Burhaneddin in Galata,

• When the passengers will arrive at the port, the clothes and belongings of those who are in charge of the communication with the ship should have been taken through the boat,

• The merchandise contained in the ships should be brought to the barge and workers' clothes should also be notified when it is necessary to use workers,

• When the ship was supposed to move, the captain of the ship had to make a written and verbal declaration, and his patents had to be visaed through the Galata Quarantine,

• If a ship wanted to do this, these ships should hang the banner of dishes during the daytime on the bow mast, and the lantern should be lit at night.

• At the same time, a special instruction has been prepared for small ships traveling between dishes and clean areas. Let's take a look at this instruction:

• It should be decided that the cargo of ships bringing watermelons or melons coming from a clean region or city will make unloading at Yenikapı. • The loading and unloading operations of the boats that will berth to the ships carrying these loads should be carried out in Yenikapı, and these ships should have anchored 40 and 50 meters offshore.

• If any patient was found on the ships or if the ship had sent one of his men to the shore, they should have been considered as dishes and received medical attention,

• The patents and taxes owed by the ships should approach their side through boats and should be thrown to the officer in this way, and there should be no contact between them.

As a result of such strict implementation of quarantine measures, it was tried to deal with outbreaks. However, when this situation started to prevent trade, then the sultan was disturbed. The Sultan of the period, Abdulhamit 2, ordered the removal of the quarantine and returning to medical intervention. This issue led to very serious discussions in the parliament. As a result of the discussions, the sultan was asked by the 2nd Abdulhamit. 2. In the direction of Abdulhamit's request and the decision of the parliament, quarantine applications were terminated and medical interventions continued to be used instead of quarantine. The abolition of the quarantine application has led to a more difficult process in combating the epidemic. Realizing the importance of quarantine practices, the parliament's serious objections to the abolition of this practice were not accepted by the sultan. As a result of the decision of the council, there are no more traces of quarantine practices. Throughout the article, quarantine history has been briefly passed. As can be seen, the history of the quarantine application is very short and concise in this way. Quarantine applications have been a very important application in combating the epidemic. The Ottoman Empire's struggle with the epidemic too late from Europe caused serious casualties. The country's being late for all events compared to Europe has led to more serious consequences in the future. This is a situation that everyone knows very well on the stage of history.

At that time, mice were those who had this plague epidemic. The epidemic caused by mice from wooden ships during those times when sea travel and maritime trade were used continuously, was a problem for many countries, especially in Europe. This epidemic, which also had great works for the Ottoman State, spread rapidly in a short time. The Ottoman Empire started to fight with the plague epidemic, too late compared to Europe. Using the quarantine practices, the state removed the maritime trade in line with the order of the sultan and the decision of the parliament as a result of this application. Quarantine applications were ended and it was decided to continue fighting against this epidemic with medical methods. The history of quarantine practices in maritime generally covers such a process.